Abstract
Hepatitis is a complex and chronic liver disorder. Due to the nature of the disease, these patients experience various levels of social isolation, anxiety, and depression. Therefore, this study was conducted to evaluate depression, anxiety, stress, and social isolation in patients with hepatitis B and C in Kermanshah. This study is descriptive-analytic research, the participants were the patients with hepatitis, who referred to liver disease center. Data collection was with Russell social isolation questionnaire and DASS-21 questionnaire. The questionnaires were completed by the patients. 67.3% of the patients were male. The mean age was 41.02 ± 12.4 years, and the majority of the participants were married (143; 67.8%). The results showed that there is a direct and significant relationship between social isolation with depression, anxiety, and stress (P=0.001, P=0.001, P=0.001). In addition, results showed that there is a significant difference between the mean depression scores and age (P=0.048). Also, the results showed that there is a significant difference in the mean score of social isolation and education level (P=0.038). There is no significant difference between the other variables with depression, anxiety, stress, and social isolation (P>0.05). These results showed that there is a relationship between social isolation with anxiety, stress, and depression. Also, anxiety, stress, and depression in hepatitis patients are related to age and education level. So, it is suggested to provide effective programs in the care of these patients. Doi: 10.28991/SciMedJ-2020-0204-5 Full Text: PDF
Highlights
Among the chronic diseases, hepatitis is one of the most important diseases in the world, that there are more than 350 million hepatitis patients in the world, which causes more than 500,000 deaths annually, especially in developing countries [1]
The mean and standard deviation (SD) of age was 41.02± 12.40 years. 67.3% of patients were male, 67.8 were married, 65.4% had under diploma education, 68.7% had a job, and 69.7% lived in urban areas (Table 1). 97.6% of patients had a poor to middle income and 58.8% had a history of smoking
The results reported that the mean of depression, anxiety, stress, and social isolation are higher in hepatitis B patients compared with hepatitis C patients that are a new result
Summary
Hepatitis is one of the most important diseases in the world, that there are more than 350 million hepatitis patients in the world, which causes more than 500,000 deaths annually, especially in developing countries [1]. The prevalence of hepatitis in EU/EEA country, reported between 0.0 – 7.5% and 0.0 – 27.6% for HBV and hepatitis C virus (HCV) respectively [5, 6]. An estimated 185 million people are infected with the HCV virus around the world and 3-4 million new infections are diagnosed annually [7] This rate in hepatitis B patients estimated almost 400 million people all over the world [8].
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