Abstract
Background:Depression is the most common mental disorder and a leading cause of disability, which commonly presents unexplained psychological and physical symptoms. Depression and HIV/AIDS are commonly comorbid. This review provides an insight into the effect of depression on disease progression among people living with HIV.Methods:A search for relevant articles was conducted using a database like MEDLINE, Scopus, PsycINFO and CINAHL. Peer-reviewed English journals published between 2015 and 2019 were included in the review.Results:A total of eight studies conducted in different settings were included in the review. This review has found that psychosocial, neurohormonal and virologic factors associated with depression affect HIV disease progression. Yet, the chronicity of depression, absence of the hormones that have a buffer effect on depression and lack of examination if depression is a predictor, or an outcome of disease progression, were some of the gaps that require further investigation.Conclusion:Considerably, more research is needed to better understand the effect of mental disorder, especially depression, on HIV disease progression to AIDS and future interventions should, therefore, concentrate on the integration of mental health screening in HIV clinical setup.
Highlights
Depression is a common mental illness, with constant sadness and loss of interest in things that people normally enjoy, and with an incapacity to perform day-to-day work [1 - 5]
The purpose of this review is to provide an insight into the effect of depression on disease progression among people living with HIV and to review the existing body of knowledge in diverse communities around the globe
Articles that examined the association of depressive symptoms on disease progression were reviewed
Summary
Depression is a common mental illness, with constant sadness and loss of interest in things that people normally enjoy, and with an incapacity to perform day-to-day work [1 - 5]. Many psychological problems can occur as a direct consequence of HIV infection and treatment disruption since both conditions are typically comorbid [6]. In HIV cases, depression remains unnoticed and it is a risky condition that may have a negative consequence on treatment adherence, social engagements and quality of life, and on progression of disease and life expectancy of the HIV patients [14, 15]. Depression is the most common mental disorder and a leading cause of disability, which commonly presents unexplained psychological and physical symptoms.
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