Depot Medroxyprogesterone acetate reduces spermatogonia cells and spermatid cells in the seminiferous tubules of male mice

Abstract

Background: Until now the existing male contraceptive methods are periodic abstinence, interrupted intercourse (coitus interruptus), the use of condoms, and vasectomy. Another alternative method of contraception for men is the use of the hormone depot medroxyprogesterone acetate (DMPA) as has been done in female contraceptives. Research with DMPA at a dose of 1.25 mg was effective in reducing the concentration and viability of spermatozoa and testosterone secretion in male rats.
 Aim: to discover if DMPA as a gonadotropin hormon could effectively inhibit the process of spermatogenesis in male mice.
 Methods: This research is an experimental research with post-test control group design. A total of 36 samples were grouped by simple random sampling into two groups. Control group (P0): consisted of 18 male mice given 0.3 ml of intramuscular aquabides. Treatment group (P1): 18 male mice were given DMPA intramuscularly (IM) with a dose of 3 mg as much as 0.3 ml. Data obtained from examination of the mean of 60 tubules (30 tubules from the right testis and 30 tubules from the left testis) for each treatment with HE staining at 400x magnification.
 Results: The results showed a significant difference in the decrease in the number of spermatogonia cells in the treatment group compared to the control group (9.83±2.33 vs 12.78±1.67 cells/tubule), with p value = 0.000 (p<0.01) and Spermatid cells (76.50±7.66 vs 86.44±6.06 cells/tubule), with p value = 0.000 (p<0.01). The administration of DMPA could significantly reduce the number of spermatogonia and spermatid cells in the seminal tubules of male mice.
 Conclusion: The results of the study have implications for further research on the use of DMPA as a male contraceptive in higher experimental animals such as rabbits, then clinical trials in humans.