Abstract
BackgroundGlioblastoma (GBM) is the most malignant nervous system tumor with an almost 100 % recurrence rate. Thymopoietin (TMPO) has been demonstrated to be upregulated in various tumors, including lung cancer, breast cancer, and so on, but its role in GBM has not been reported. This study was aimed to determine the role of TMPO in GBM.MethodsPublicly available Oncomine dataset analysis was used to explore the expression level of TMPO in GBM specimens. Then the expression of TMPO was knocked down in GBM cells using lentiviral system, and the knockdown efficacy was further validated by real-time quantitative PCR and western blot analysis. Furthermore, the effects of TMPO silencing on GBM cell proliferation and apoptosis were examined by MTT, colony formation, and flow cytometry analysis. Meanwhile, the expression of apoptotic markers caspase-3 and poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) were investigated by western blot analysis.ResultsThis study observed that the expression of TMPO in GBM specimens was remarkably higher than that in normal brain specimens. Moreover, knockdown of TMPO could significantly inhibit cell proliferation and arrest cell cycle progression at the G2/M phase. It also found that TMPO knockdown promoted cell apoptosis by upregulation of the cleavage of caspase-3 and PARP protein levels which are the markers of apoptosis.ConclusionsThe results suggested TMPO might be a novel therapeutic target for GBM.
Highlights
Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most malignant nervous system tumor with an almost 100 % recurrence rate
TMPO messenger RNA (mRNA) expression was elevated in glioblastoma To analyze the expression level of TMPO in GBM, the publicly available Oncomine cancer microarray database was excavated
Comparing with normal brain tissues, TMPO expression in glioblastoma tissues is much higher as shown in three different microarray datasets including the Liang Brain dataset (n = 30, p = 0.015), the Murat Brain dataset (n = 80, p = 0.010), and the TCGA Brain dataset (n = 542, p = 1.29E−6) (Fig. 1b–d)
Summary
Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most malignant nervous system tumor with an almost 100 % recurrence rate. Thymopoietin (TMPO) has been demonstrated to be upregulated in various tumors, including lung cancer, breast cancer, and so on, but its role in GBM has not been reported. Glioblastoma (GBM) (World Health Organization grade IV astrocytoma) is the most frequent and most malignant brain tumor. The GBM is still along with a 100 % recurrence rate and about a 5 % 5-year survival rate [2, 3]. The role of TMPO in cancer biology has been reported [8]. LAP2β is upregulated in digestive tract tumor tissues and cells; its knockdown could inhibit migration, invasion, and metastasis but has no effect on cell proliferation.
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