Depiction of achilles tendon microstructure in vivo using high-resolution 3-dimensional ultrashort echo-time magnetic resonance imaging at 7 T.

Abstract

The objective of this study was to demonstrate the feasibility of depicting the internal structure of the Achilles tendon in vivo using high-resolution 3-dimensional ultrashort echo-time (UTE) magnetic resonance imaging at 7 T. For our UTE imaging, a minimum-phase radiofrequency pulse and an anisotropic field-of-view 3-dimensional radial acquisition were used to minimize the echo time and scan time. A fat saturation pulse was applied every 8 spoke acquisitions to reduce blurring and chemical shift artifacts from fat and to improve the dynamic range of the tendon signal. Five healthy volunteers and 1 patient were scanned with an isotropic spatial resolution of up to 0.6 mm. Fat-suppressed UTE images were qualitatively evaluated and compared with non-fat-suppressed UTE images and longer echo-time images. High-resolution UTE imaging was able to visualize the microstructure of the Achilles tendon. Fat suppression substantially improved the depiction of the internal structure. The UTE images revealed a fascicular pattern in the Achilles tendon and fibrocartilage at the tendon insertion. In a patient who had tendon elongation surgery after birth, there was a clear depiction of disrupted tendon structure. High-resolution fat-suppressed 3-dimensional UTE imaging at 7 T allows for the evaluation of the Achilles tendon microstructure in vivo.