Dephytinized flaxseed flours by phytase enzyme and fermentation: functional ingredients to enhance the nutritional quality of noodles.

Abstract

Phytic acid is an antinutritional compound that reduces the bioavailability of minerals and proteins. Flaxseed is a rich source of unsaturated fatty acids and antioxidants. In this study, flaxseed flour was dephytinized by phytase enzyme and fermentation. Untreated and dephytinized flaxseed flours were used in noodle production at 0%, 10%, 20% and 30% levels to improve nutritional quality. The addition of flaxseed flours did not show an adverse effect on the cooking loss values of noodles (4.22-4.85%). Firmness values of noodles containing 10% flaxseed flour were close to the control (0% flaxseed flour). The ash, protein and fat levels of noodles were enhanced with the addition of flaxseed flours. The use of 30% phytase-treated flaxseed flour in noodles elicited lower phytic acid concentration (1.35 g kg-1 ) than the control (1.52 g kg-1 ). The greatest total phenolic contents in noodles were obtained with the inclusion of fermented flour. Besides that, noodles made from flaxseed flours exhibited stronger antioxidant activity than the control. The overall acceptability scores of noodles containing 10% and 20% dephytinized flours were close to the control. The findings demonstrated that the inclusion of dephytinized flaxseed flours up to 20% can allow the production of functional noodles with acceptable quality. Moreover, phytase enzyme treatment method revealed lower phytic acid content than fermentation method in noodles and better antioxidant properties than untreated noodles. © 2022 Society of Chemical Industry.