Abstract
The ability to regulate polarised cell growth is crucial to maintain the viability of cells. Growth is modulated to facilitate essential cell functions and respond to the external environment. Failure to do so can lead to numerous developmental and disease states, including cancer. We have undertaken a detailed analysis of the regulatory interplay between molecules involved in the regulation and maintenance of polarised cell growth within fission yeast. Internally controlled live cell imaging was used to examine interactions between 10 key polarity proteins. Analysis reveals interplay between the microtubule and actin cytoskeletons, as well as multiple novel dependency pathways and feedback networks between groups of proteins. This study provides important insights into the conserved regulation of polarised cell growth within eukaryotes.
Highlights
Johnson, Matthew and Mulvihill, Daniel P. (2018) Dependency Relationships within the Fission Yeast Polarity Network
We have undertaken a detailed analysis of the regulatory interplay between molecules involved in the regulation and maintenance of polarised cell growth within fission yeast
Cells must break symmetry, which is often achieved through cooperation between the actin and microtubule cytoskeletons
Summary
The ability to regulate polarised cell growth is crucial to maintain the viability of cells. These polarity determinants are made up from a wide variety of families of proteins conserved from fission yeast to humans, which play diverse roles in maintaining polarised cell growth This conservation, combined with the clear phenotypic outcomes observed in cells lacking polarity factors (develop abnormal cell shapes becoming bent, T-shaped, spherical, etc.) [6] and ease with which it allows itself to live cell imaging has made S. pombe an excellent model system in which to study the molecular regulation of cell growth and division. While polar recruitment of the actin nucleating formin, For, is dependent upon Cdc42 [18], Tea and Tea regulate its switch to bipolar distribution at NETO [13] These For nucleated actin polymers provide a track on which the class V myosin Myo can travel and deliver cargoes (e.g. vesicles) to facilitate the synthesis of the new cell tip [19,20]. This reveals a series of interconnecting positive and negative feedback loops and pathways that coalesce to provide a robust and precise mechanism for modulating cytoskeleton organisation and providing a framework for regulating polarised cell growth
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