Abstract
Measurements of bi-ionic potential across cation-exchange membranes were carried out for KCl|membrane|NaCl and KCl|membrane|LiCl systems. An increase of bi-ionic potential was observed with an increase in the external electrolyte concentration, although the transport number of counterions in the membranes was unity. The dependence of bi-ionic potential on electrolyte concentration is significant if a perfluorosulfonated polymer membrane is used instead of a sulfonated hydrocarbon polymer membrane. For sulfonated polystyrene-divinylbenzene membranes, the bi-ionic potential value is large if the membrane has a high divinylbenzene content and a low water content per mole of fixed charges.
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