Dependence of winter wheat yield on the content and composition of organic matter of typical chernozem

Nina Masyutenko,Alexey Kuznetsov,Maxim Masyutenko,Tatiana Pankova,A.Y Aidiev,V.I Turusov,A.A Muratov,B.U Baykhozhaeva,O.K Nikulina,E.A Pyanikova,Y Brinza,A.A Yevglevsky,L.I Belyaeva,A.I Hrabovets

doi:10.1051/bioconf/20213202008

Abstract

The article is devoted to the study of the relationship and the determination of the dependence of winter wheat yield on the content and composition of the organic matter of typical chernozem, the determination of its optimal parameters in different by hydrothermal conditions years. The research was carried out in 2018-2019 in a typical heavy-loamy chernozem in the experimental field of the Kursk FARC. Coupled studies of the yield of winter wheat Synthetics and indicators of soil organic matter in the topsoil were carried out on 30-meter sites during the harvest period. The range of fluctuations in the content and composition of organic matter in the soil, the yield of winter wheat at the studied sites allowed us to apply information and logical analysis within the framework of the analyzed soil-plant system. A high dependence of winter wheat yield on the content and composition of soil organic matter was established, in 2018 the coefficients of information transfer efficiency varied from 0.23 to 0.17, in 2019 from 0.32 to 0.18. It was found that in dry 2019 the dependence of winter wheat yield on the biogenicity of mobile humus substances, the lability of humus, and microbial biomass has increased, and the influence of humus has decreased. It is established that in the studied years the significance of the parameters for the formation of winter wheat yield remained, the degree of their influence and sometimes the nature of the direction of the relationship changed. The optimal parameters of indicators of soil organic matter in the arable layer of chernozem typical for obtaining the yield of winter wheat Synthetic 5.45-7.24 t/ha in a favorable by hydrothermal conditions year and 4.78-7.19 t/ha in a dry year were established.

Highlights

One of the main factors that ensure a high yield of crops is soil fertility
The dependence of winter wheat yield on the content and composition of the organic matter of typical chernozem is studied on the basis of information and logical analysis: the content of humus (H), mobile humus substances (MHS), their quality (Cmha/Carbon of mobile fulvic acids (Cmfa)) and biogenicity (Cmb/Carbon of mobile humus substances (Cmhs)), mobile humic acids (MHA), mobile fulvic acids (MFA), carbon of microbial biomass (CMB), lability of humus (Cmhs/Ch)
Within the framework of the analyzed soil-plant system, on the basis of information and logical analysis, a strong and average relationship was established between the yield of winter wheat of the Synthetic variety and the content in the arable layer of typical chernozem, of humus, mobile humus substances, their quality and biogenicity, mobile humic acids, mobile fulvic acids, microbial biomass, and humus lability

Summary

Introduction

One of the main factors that ensure a high yield of crops is soil fertility. In chernozem soils the determining role in soil fertility belongs to soil organic matter, which forms and maintains the properties, main functions and modes of the soil [1,2]. Under the conditions of constantly increasing potential crop yields soil organic matter is an important factor in obtaining a high and stable yield. It is a producer of CO2 involved in photosynthesis, a source of macro-and microelements, determines agrophysical and biological properties of the soil that affect the growth, development and nutrition of plants. It is necessary to assess the relationship between crop yields and the content and composition of soil organic matter, and to determine its optimal parameters One can solve this problem by using information and logic analysis

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