DEPENDENCE OF THE EFFICIENCY OF A VORTEX CHAMBER EJECTOR ON ITS GEOMETRIC PARAMETERS

Abstract

The wear and decreased efficiency of superchargers with moving impellers make using jet devices in many technological processes advisable. Using the properties of swirling flows, such as reduced axial pressure, has created vortex ejectors. Still, their energy performance and efficiency are reduced compared to classical direct-flow jet pumps and ejectors. The solution to this problem may be the use of more advanced energy transfer principles and technical solutions in the design of vortex chamber-based jet superchargers. Such superchargers are vortex chamber superchargers, which, due to the use of centrifugal force, have better energy efficiency than vortex ejectors. The aim of this work is to determine the dependence of the efficiency of a vortex chamber ejector on its geometric parameters based on the design of the experiment. The study consisted of three stages: an experimental study of the vortex chamber ejector operation in a homogeneous medium with the initial geometric parameters of the vortex chamber and the supply and discharge channels for optimization. In the second stage, mathematical modeling was performed based on solving the Reynolds equations using the SST turbulence model. Next, the experimental data were compared with the calculation results. The optimization of parameters using the second-order model allowed us to find the maximum value of the efficiency of the vortex chamber ejector, which is equal to 16 %. The geometric parameters selected as factors are the relative height and diameter of the vortex chamber, the relative diameter of the supply channel. The relative height of the vortex chamber has the greatest influence on the efficiency. The significance of the obtained coefficients of the regression equations was tested using Student's t-test.