Dependence of reaction on vessel position, diameter, and liquid height in the sonochemical reactor with indirect irradiation

Abstract

To investigate the sonochemical reaction performance caused by the indirect irradiation at 500 kHz, the glass vessel and a KI aqueous solution were used. Both the ultrasonic power and reaction rate had maximum values at every half wavelength of ultrasound. When the vessel position was adjusted to a larger absolute value of transducer impedance, the reaction rate became higher. The reaction rate and ultrasonic power increased as the vessel position moved closer to the transducer. The reaction rate first increased as the electric power applied to the transducer increased, reached a maximum value, and then decreased. This decrease phenomenon is called quenching of the sonochemical reaction. Before the quenching occurrs, the reaction rate per unit volume almost linearly increased with ultrasonic power density. The effects of the vessel diameter and liquid height on the relationship between the reaction rate per unit volume and the ultrasonic power density were small.