Abstract
AbstractThe dependence of the electrical charging of hydrocarbons on the chemical nature of non‐hydrocarbon additives has been investigated. An improved apparatus and technique allowed the authors to obtain data for new fluid systems over a wide range of solution conductivities and flow velocities. Currents and voltages have been measured from insulated stainless steel tubes, for different concentrations of polar species in hydrocarbon solutions, for Reynolds numbers of 1800 to 35,000.Recent electrification theories explain the charging process on the basis of a diffusion‐controlled process. The magnitudes of the charging currents can be predicted using the usual mass transfer analogies. Experimental results, obtained for different polar additives studied, agreed with the theory. The sign of the measured current is not predicted theoretically. Potentials of both signs are observed. The particular sign obtained seems to be determined by the chemical nature of the polar additive. Different additives of similar chemical structure all give one sign.
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