Department of Reviews and Abstracts

Abstract

The book honors and is dedicated to Thomas M. Graber. current editor of our own AMERICAN JOURNAL OF ORTHODONTICS AND DENTOFACIAL ORTHOPEDICS. It is edited by his son, Lee W. Graber. celebrating 40 years of his father's service to the profession as a clinician, teacher, and researcher. The first chapter was written by Robert E. Moyers who in his inimitable, logical style describes his perception of what is meant by 'good orthodontics. Thereafter, the book is divided into three sections in which essays by the various authors are listed under the following headings: (1) Current Science Related to Treatment. (2) and Technique Principles, and (3) Practice Management Concerns in Orthodontics. In the first section, the essayists endeavor to answer the many questions that are so frequently posed. In a philosophic debate, Donald Enlow underscores the futility of trying to predict structural and functional changes during growt h because of the paucity Of our understanding of biologic principles. Nakamura and Koski describe what happens to the condylar perichondrium when transplanted into a nonfunctional environment. The enigma of the precise nature and mechanisms that cause pain in hyperactive jaw muscles, and their relationships to temporomandibular joint pain are explained by Lars Christensen. Is the temporomandibular joint a load-bearing joint? William Hylander's reviews of the recent advances in the understanding of the forces acting through the temporomandibular joint are thought provoking. Can we stimulate condylar growth in human patients using functional appliances? Petrovic and Stutzmann attempt to throw new light on the quintessential problem of dentofacial orthopedics. In a separate chapter, Jim McNamara likewise discusses the possibility of stimulating the mandible to grow in human patients. Lysle Johnston, in a series of collaborative experiments with his students, explores the behavior of the condyle in animals under conditions such as condylectomy, loading, and unloading in an effort to establish the true role of the condylar cartilage, hopefully putting to rest many earlier anecdotal reports. Per Rygh provides a fresh insight into the response of the periodontium during tooth movement, and the unwanted side effects such as root resorption and loss of periodontal support--all clinically oriented considerations. Nasorespiratory problems in orthodontics are briefly reviewed by Linder-Aronson. whereas Thomas Rakosi identifies different types of Class II malocclusions and emphasizes the need to recognize the various types in treatment, particularly in the mixed dentition. In the second section of the book under the heading, Treatment Techniques and Princip!es, finite-element modeling of craniofacial growth and development is eruditely discussed in a section by Moss, Salentijn, and Skalak. Schmuth o f West Germany advocates taking advantage of removable type appliance therapy 'during the early phases of treatment and is in favor of two or even three phases of orthodontic treatment for specific orthodontic problems. The treatment of skeletal open bitesby means of molar extraction, according to Frfinkel and Frfinkel. is not a panacea unless functional factors that include the postural performance of those muscles associated with the creation o f a competent oral seal are taken into consideration. The management of similar cases by means of spring-loaded occlusal bite blocks is the treatment of choice for Woodside and Linder-Aronson. In the nextthree chapters, three superb clinicians namely, Wick Alexander, Terrell Root, and Brainerd Swain--each separately discuss at length multiband treatment techniques invaluable material for those clinicians Wishing to improve their treatment skills. Bonding techniques are described by Miura; retention in the adult dentition is covered by Bj0rn Zachrisson. The challenge of the bilateral cleft palate, temporomandibular dysfunction in children, and surgical intrusion of the maxilla for the correction of open bite malocclusions are described by Rosenstein, Thflander, and Thomas and Proffit, respectively. In the final chapter of this section, Vanarsdall highlights the need for