Abstract
Deoxynivalenol (DON), also known as vomitoxin, is a mycotoxin that can cause antifeeding and vomiting in animals. However, the mechanism of DON inducing anorexia is complicated. Studies have shown that intestinal hormones play a significant part in the anorexia caused by DON. We adopted the “modeling of acute antifeeding in mice” as the basic experimental model, and used two methods of gavage and intraperitoneal injection to explore the effect of intestinal hormones on the antifeedant response induced by DON in mice. We found that 1 and 2.5 mg/kg·bw of DON can acutely induce anorexia and increase the plasma intestinal hormones CCK, PYY, GIP, and GLP-1 in mice within 3 h. Direct injection of exogenous intestinal hormones CCK, PYY, GIP, and GLP-1 can trigger anorexia behavior in mice. Furthermore, the PYY receptor antagonist JNJ-31020028, GLP-1 receptor antagonist Exendin(9-39), CCK receptor antagonist Proglumide, GIP receptor antagonist GIP(3-30)NH2 attenuated both intestinal hormone and DON-induced anorectic responses. These results indicate that intestinal hormones play a critical role in the anorexia response induced by DON.
Highlights
Deoxynivalenol, known as vomitoxin, is produced mainly by Fusarium graminearum [1,2]
Key Contribution: This study investigates the roles of four intestinal hormones (CCK, Peptide YY (PYY), gastric inhibitory peptide (GIP), and glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1)) as well as their receptors in mediating anorectic response induced by oral gavage and intraperitoneal injection (IP) with Deoxynivalenol (DON)
We found gut hormone CCK, PYY, GIP, and GLP-1 can lead to poor feeding behavior in mice, while gut hormone receptor antagonists can inhibit the anorectic reaction induced by DON
Summary
Deoxynivalenol, known as vomitoxin, is produced mainly by Fusarium graminearum [1,2]. These Fusarium are widely distributed in nature and mainly pollute grains and feeds, such as wheat, barley, and corn [3]. After eating food contaminated by DON, humans and animals often have a series of adverse effects, such as anorexia, emesis, weight reduction, changes in neuroendocrine, and immunotoxicity [4,5]. DON is widely distributed and caused a major threat to the health of animals around the world. It has become a research hotspot in veterinary medicine in recent years
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