Abstract
This study evaluated dentin surface and hybrid layer’s morphology, using copaíba (CO) emulsion as dentin biomodifier before traditional and self-etching adhesive, by environmental scanning electron microscopy (ESEM). Ninety-six third sound molars were divided into 16 groups, according to the dentin substrate, tested substances, and the adhesive system used. The conditioned dentin surface treated with clorexidina (CHX) 2% showed phosphate salts on two dentin substrates as well as the sound conditioned or not surface treated with calcium hydroxide solution (CHS), where the mineral precipitate deposition obstructs the tubules lumen. A significant difference (p <0.0001) in dentin surface morphology was observed at the CHS group on conditioned and not conditioned sound dentin. The CO emulsion produced a regular and homogenous hybrid layer with many resin tags on both dentin surfaces, irrespective of the adhesive system used, with better performance than CHS and CHX 2% (p =0.0007) on caries-affected dentin at the self-etching group. CO emulsion showed no morphological changes on sound and caries-affected dentin and presented a regular hybrid layer, regardless of the adhesive system used.
 Keywords: Copaiba oleoresin; Emulsions; Dentin-bonding agents; Phytotherapy.
Highlights
Apply etchant for 15sThe samples were sectioned in mesiodistal direction using a cutting machine with a diamond disc at high speed (Buehler, model 11- 4253, series 15 LC, Lake Bluff, ILL 6004, USA) under constant cooling to expose the adhesive interface
This study evaluated dentin surface and hybrid layer’s morphology, using copaíba (CO) emulsion as dentin biomodifier before traditional and self-etching adhesive, by environmental scanning electron microscopy (ESEM)
The results for dentin surface and hybrid layer’s morphology were submitted to Kruskal-Wallis test at 5 % significance, and the thickness results were submitted to Shapiro-Wilk test or KruskalWallis tests with 5% significance
Summary
The samples were sectioned in mesiodistal direction using a cutting machine with a diamond disc at high speed (Buehler, model 11- 4253, series 15 LC, Lake Bluff, ILL 6004, USA) under constant cooling to expose the adhesive interface. Micrographs were obtained from the entire length of the treated dentin surface with 2000x magnification and scored according to criteria proposed by Oliveira et al (2010). In both ESEM analysis, the micrographs were previously coded and analyzed in duplicate with one-week interval by a blinded investigator, calibrated with ESEM reference images to avoid groups’ identification (BANERJEE; KIDD; WATSON, 2000; WANG; YAO, 2010). The results for dentin surface and hybrid layer’s morphology were submitted to Kruskal-Wallis test at 5 % significance, and the thickness results were submitted to Shapiro-Wilk test or KruskalWallis tests with 5% significance
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