Dentin degradomics in dentin erosion

Abstract

Background Dentin degradomics are the enzymes found in dentin endogenously and are aimed at attacking organic compounds of the relevant tissue. During dentin demineralization, these enzymes could turn into the reaction phase and may step up the degradation. Thus, their connection with dentin erosion and tissue loss should be explained. Objective The aim of this review was to describe the mechanisms of dentin degradomics, their relation to dentin erosion, and recent approaches on inhibiting their action. Data sources A narrative review was performed with a literature search in the PubMed and Google Scholar electronic databases. Study selection Reference lists included full papers of any study design, published in peer-reviewed journals in English till November 2021. Data extraction Current literature indicates the term of dentin degradomics, and the mechanism of dental erosion of both enamel and dentin tissues. The inhibition of matrixmetalloproteinase (MMP) enzymes, which constitute the subgroup of dentin degradomics, was gained from the recent papers listed in the reference section. Data synthesis Biocorrosion covers more of the pathological process of the tissue loss however, most of the dentin degradomics such as MMPs are not covered by the term, biocorrosion. So, the definitions of biocorrosion and dentin degradomics were discussed in detail. Green tea, chlorhexidine and fluorides have the ability to inhibit the reaction of MMPs during dentin demineralization with a different state of mechanisms. Nowadays, other naturally-derived compounds were included in studies such as polyphenols and flavonoids. Still, more studies are necessary to clarify their mechanism of action and rates of efficiency.