Abstract
Regeneration in oral and craniofacial regions includes several specified tissues such as pulp, bone, cartilage, muscle, fat, blood vessels and neurons. Neural crest-derived dental stem cells (DSCs) as a medical waste hold a promise for regeneration in craniofacial region. Five different DSCs have been isolated and characterized: Dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs), stem cells from apical papillae (SCAPs), stem cells obtained from human exfoliated deciduous teeth (SHEDs), dental follicle stem cells (DFSCs) and periodontal ligament stem cells (PDLSCs). These dental tissue- derived stem cells have demonstrated the capability to differentiate towards various cell lineages including adipogenic, chondrogenic, osteogenic, and neurogenic in vitro. Moreover, various studies have shown their potential for regeneration of dentin/pulp, bone, neural, vascular, muscle, cartilage and adipose tissues. Application of DSCs for oral and craniofacial tissues is still in its infancy. However, this chapter will provide insight towards the progress being made regarding utilization of DSCs in oral, maxillofacial and craniofacial regeneration.
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