Dental Rehabilitation of Patients with Oncological Diseases of the Maxillofacial Region Using Dental Mini-Implants

Abstract

The traditional method of dental rehabilitation of Malignant diseases of the oral mucosa and maxillofacial region is the use of a removable plate prosthesis. The disadvantage of this prothesis is a significant volume, insufficient fixation and mobility, which leads to problems with speech function and taste sensitivity. As an alternative, rehabilitation of patients by prosthetics based on dental mini-implants was proposed, which allows implantation in the alveolar process of patients with adverse histomorphological changes in the alveolar bone after radiation exposure. The aim of the study is to analyze the effectiveness of dental rehabilitation of patients with acute respiratory infections using dental mini-implants. According to the results of the study, the average values of periotestometry ranged from –0.3 to 0.6 cu (p < 0,002), the average level of interleukin-6 (IL-6) from 0.18 ± 0.23 to 3.8 ± 1.1 pg/ml, while in the postoperative period – from 4.45 ± 0.22 to 5.5 ± 1.1 pg/ml. (p < 0,002), the average value of quality of life (OHIP-14) is 14 ± 1.2 points (p < 0,004). The use of mini-implantation is the optimal method of restoring the function of chewing and aesthetics in patients who have suffered from cancer, within the permissible radiation dose (no more than 70 gy).