Abstract
Introduction: Transplant is the replacement with therapeutic purposes, of organs, tissues or cellular material for others, from a donor who is usually a human, alive or dead. In recent years, transplant organs have been developed by the advances that have occurred with immunosuppressive drugs and medical-surgical technology. Due to the frequency of transplants that are performed today, it is common to find these patients in dental clinics. Objectives: To review the literature on oral manifestations in transplant patients and general dental management and according to transplant organs (heart, lung, liver, kidney, pancreas and bone marrow). Material and Methods: For the literature review, we carried out a search in Pubmed / Medline database using limits and keywords according to the controlled vocabulary “Medical Subject Headings” (MeSH). We obtained a total of 30 articles (eight literature reviews, three randomized clinical trials, one cohort study, three case-control studies, eight clinical case series and seven cross-sectional studies). Results and discussion: We describe the most common oral manifestations in transplant patients (viral, bacterial and fungal infections, gingival enlargement secondary to drug therapy and higher risk in the development of oral malignancy) and the special dental management that should be carried out on these patients, generally and specifically according to the type of transplant.
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