Abstract
AimsTo investigate the prevalence and risk factors of dental erosion (DE) among a group of adolescents in Stockholm County.Materials and methodsThis cross sectional cohort study was conducted at three clinics of the Public Dental Service in Stockholm County. Fifteen and 17 year old adolescents (1335) who scheduled their regular dental health examination were asked to participate. After drop-outs a sample of 1071 individuals, 547 males and 524 females were enrolled in the study. Presence of erosive wear was diagnosed (yes/no) on marker teeth by trained dentists/dental hygienists and photographs were taken. The adolescents answered a questionnaire regarding oral symptoms, dietary and behavioural factors. Two calibrated specialist dentists performed evaluation of the photographs for severity of DE using a modified version of the Simplified Erosion Partial Recording System (SEPRS).ResultsDE was clinically diagnosed in 28.3% of 15 years old and 34.3% of 17 years old. Severe erosive wear (grade 3 and 4 according to SEPRS) was found in 18.3% of the adolescents based upon the intra-oral photographs. DE was more prevalent and severe among males than females. Clinically diagnosed erosive lesions correlated significantly with soft drink consumption (p < 0.001), the use of juice or sport drinks as a thirst quencher after exercise (p = 0.006) and tooth hypersensitivity when eating and drinking (p = 0.012). Furthermore, self-assessed gastric reflux was a factor strongly associated with DE (p < 0.001).ConclusionThe study indicated that DE was common among adolescents in Stockholm County and associated with both internal and external risk factors.
Highlights
Dental erosion (DE) is defined as an irreversible loss of dental hard tissue caused by a chemical process that does not involve bacteria (Lussi and Ganss 2014)
DE was more frequent among 17 year old where erosive wear was diagnosed in 189 (34.3%) adolescents compared to 147 (28.3%) in 15 year olds
Erosive wear was more common in males, 188 individuals (34.4%) showed DE and 148 (28.2%) in females
Summary
Dental erosion (DE) is defined as an irreversible loss of dental hard tissue caused by a chemical process that does not involve bacteria (Lussi and Ganss 2014). It is a multifactorial condition of growing concern that often occurs together. External causes include acid influence through food intake, certain medications, and workrelated factors. Internal causes including diseases that cause acidic stomach contents to reach the oral cavity such as gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) (Wilder-Smith et al 2015) or eating disorders with repeated vomiting Johansson and coworkers (2012b) showed in their study that “DE is about 8.5 times more common in patients with eating disorders”
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