Dental Erosion in Brazilian Children with Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease

Abstract

Objective: To evaluate the occurrence of dental erosion (DE) in children with gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) and to analyse its association with diet, oral hygiene, socio-demographic characteristics and medical history. Material and Methods: The study sample consisted of 43 children (2-14 years) with a positive diagnosis of GERD after 24-hour pH monitoring. Dental erosion was assessed by one trained examiner using the O'Sullivan index. A questionnaire was completed by parents, which provided information on dietary habits, oral hygiene, socio-demographics and medical history of the children. Data analysis was performed using a chi-square test and Poisson regression (p <0.05). Results: Dental erosion was diagnosed in 25.6% (N=11) of children. The most affected surfaces were the palatal and incisal (62.1%, N=18). Socio-demographic characteristics and dietary habits were not associated with dental erosion occurrence. The regression model showed that children who used adult toothpaste (PR 4.98, 95% CI 1.34 -18.51) and asthma medication (PR 3.65, 95% CI 1.24 -10.70) had a higher risk of dental erosion. Conclusion: Dental erosion in children with GERD was associated with the use of adult toothpaste and asthma medication.