Abstract
The main goal of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of caries in children that participate in a dental program attending mothers and children in Teresina, Piauí, Brazil. A selection was made of 343 children of both genders, from 3 to 6 years of age. The mothers answered questionnaires and children were examined at the Infant Dental Clinic of the Federal University of Piauí. The epidemiological index dmft was applied and active white spot lesions were included. The SPSS for Windows program, version 11.1 was used and non-parametric tests carried out (Friedman and Kruskal-Wallis). An alpha error of 5% (0.05) was considered for the null hypothesis of false rejection, with a confidence interval of 95%. The results showed that 57.5% (197) of the children were breast-fed for a period longer than 12 months. The mean dmft index and percentages of caries-free children at the age of 3 was 1.86 (58.82%); at 4 years of age 1.94 (57.60%); at 5 years of age 1.98 (56.86%) and at 6 years of age 2.42 (42.55%). The decay component (d) was prevalent at all ages. When active white spot lesions were added to the dmft index, there was an increase of 7.2% for children who had caries activity and/or previous caries experience and 2.61% for those with dmft equal to zero. The daily consumption of fermentable carbohydrates and free demand breast-feeding were factors increasing caries activity. Dental follow-up after the program and the number of daily brushings were shown to be factors providing protection against caries . Based on the results, the authors were able to conclude that the program caused a positive impact on caries disease control, as the number of dental appointments kept influenced the dmft index values in a statistically significant manner.
Highlights
Dental caries is a multifactorial disease related to people’s lifestyle; control and prevention are intimately linked to changes in daily habits and attitudes, which should be started early on within the family circle
During attendance provided by the Preventive Program for Pregnant Mothers and Babies, the function of health promoter is delegated to the mothers, as it is through them that the transmitted information will be disseminated and put into practice in the family and/or collective circle (Figure 1)
The low index of seeking attendance at the Federal University of Piauí infant dental clinic was justified by the mothers as being due to lack of time, difficulty of getting to the Federal University of Piauí and because they had been unable to make the desired appointments
Summary
Dental caries is a multifactorial disease related to people’s lifestyle; control and prevention are intimately linked to changes in daily habits and attitudes, which should be started early on within the family circle. A group of professors from the Federal University of Piauí implemented a university extension project in April 1997, the Preventive Program for Pregnant Mothers and Babies, whose goals are to recover and maintain oral health in pregnant women and children aged zero to 36 months of age (Moura, et al.11, 2001). During attendance provided by the Preventive Program for Pregnant Mothers and Babies, the function of health promoter is delegated to the mothers, as it is through them that the transmitted information will be disseminated and put into practice in the family and/or collective circle (Figure 1). The epidemiological index most used for primary teeth is the dmft[2], which represents the mean of decayed primary teeth (d), missing or indicated for extraction (m) and filled (f) per child
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