Dental arch morphological and dimensional characteristics in Jordanian children and young adults with β‐thalassaemia major

Abstract

The aim of this study was to examine the arch dimensions of Jordanian patients with beta-thalassaemia major in comparison with an unaffected control group. The sample consisted of 24 patients who suffered from beta-thalassaemia major (mean age = 13.9 +/- 3.1 years) and an unaffected control group (mean age = 13.5 +/- 2.9 years) matched for dental age, sex, and incisor and molar relationships. The unaffected control group was randomly selected from four public schools in the Governate of Irbid-Jordan. Alginate impressions were taken of the maxillary and mandibular dental arches of all participants. All measurements of the arch dimensions were made on the casts using an electronic digital sliding calliper. In the mandibular arch, when compared with the patients with thalassaemia, the unaffected control group subjects showed a (statistically) significantly larger incisor width, larger arch depth, and larger left and right anterior arch lengths (1.18, 2.58, and 1.85 and 1.12 mm, respectively). In the maxillary arch, there was a statistically significant difference in the mean incisor width (+/- 2.16 mm), arch depth (+/- 3.14 mm), inter-molar width (+/- 1.21 mm) and in the left anterior arch length (+/- 1.97 mm). The canine widths, premolar widths, left and right posterior arch length, and curve of Spee of both arches showed no statistically significant differences between the two groups. When compared to unaffected subjects, patients with beta-thalassaemia major exhibited: a narrower maxilla; a shorter maxilla and mandible; and smaller incisor widths for the maxillary and mandibular arches.