Abstract
The correlation between the superior airways and the craniofacial development has been the subject of many studies where the mouth breathing is one of the main causes for the underdevelopment of the inferior and middle level of the face. The skeletal and dental alterations are caused by the muscle balance disturbance, where the orbicularis hypotonia makes it impossible to properly close the mouth and the masseters hypertonia applies pressure on the lateral areas of the alveolar arches. This study was conducted in a group of young subjects with mouth breathing, assessing the changes of several skeletal and dental parameters by analyzing the dental casts (anterior perimetry, intermolar distance, intercanine distance) and the cephalometric radiography (Tweed and Steiner cephalometric analysis). The analysis was applied before and after functional orthodontics treatment, and its aim was to correct the vicious habit by encouraging nasal breathing and palatal expansion. The functional orthodontics together with miogimnastical exercises are an efficient treatment method which significantly contributes in breaking the vicious habit and enabling treatments for skeletal complications caused by oral breathing.
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