Abstract

Density of Chikungunya Vectors and Platynectes beetles in the Rubber Plantations

Highlights

  • Chikungunya virus (CHIKV) is transmitted to humans through Stegomyia mosquitoes

  • Platynectes beetles were found in the latex collection containers in the rubber plantations and the population density of the beetles per latex collection container was found to be maximum during the south-west monsoon season which contributes 50% rainfall annually rubber plantations of Kerala

  • Temperature increased, the occurrence of Platynectes beetle reduced in the LCC which increased the density of juveniles of St

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Summary

Introduction

Fifteen States and Union Territories in India witnessed major outbreaks of Chikungunya virus (CHIKV) infection since 2005. In Kerala the first epidemic was reported in 2006 affecting more than 70, 000 people (Directorate of National Vector Borne Disease Control Programme, 2006), followed by another in 2007 of all the 14 districts in which Pathanamthitta, Idukki and Kottayam districts were worsted affected where rubber plantations, acts the key breeding source of St. albopicta, which would have supported the recent widespread outbreak of Chikungunya fever in the State [3].The virus isolated from these areas belonged to the African genotype different from the viruses circulating in 1963–1973, which belonged to the Asian genotype [17,18]. The hilly and forested districts of Kottayam and Pathanamthitta located in the mid-high lands region of Kerala were the worst affected by CHIKV, contributing to 44.33% and 14.37% of the total cases, respectively [2].These districts have abundant rubber plantations [109, 582 ha in Kottayam (the largest area in the State) and 61,016 ha in Pathanamthitta], which supported prolific breeding of St. albopicta, the main vector of Chikungunya infection [2]. Other agricultural products in the study area are pineapple, coconut, areca nut, coconut and paddy cultivation

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