Density measurement of Ti–X (X = Cu, Ni) melts and thermodynamic correlations

Abstract

The densities of Ti–X (X = Cu, Ni) melts were measured by a combination of electromagnetic levitation and a static magnetic field. The static magnetic field suppressed surface oscillation of the levitated sample droplet, which enhances the accuracy and precision of density measurements. Densities of the Ti–X melts varied linearly over a wide temperature range including a supercooled temperature region. The excess volumes of Ti–X were slightly negative over the entire composition range. These results are discussed within a thermodynamic framework considering the relationship between excess volume and thermodynamic properties such as excess Gibbs energy and enthalpy of mixing. The excess volume correlated more strongly with excess Gibbs energy for various binary alloy systems than with the enthalpy of mixing.