Density functional theory study on ethanol dimers and cyclic ethanol trimers

Abstract

The structure and the relative stability of the ethanol dimer and the cyclic ethanol trimer were studied using density functional theory methods. The geometries of the different dimers and trimers were optimized at the B3LYP/6-311+G(d,p) level of theory, while the final energies were obtained at the B3LYP/6-311+G(3df,2p) level. Four different (ethanol)2 complexes were found to be local minima of the potential energy surface, the global minimum being that in which both monomers exhibit a trans conformation. The hydrogen bond (HB) in ethanol dimer is slightly stronger than in methanol dimer, reflecting the enhanced intrinsic basicity of ethanol with regards to methanol. The OH donor stretch appears redshifted by 161 cm−1, while the redshifting undergone by the OH acceptor stretch is negligibly small. The relative stability of the trimers is a function of the number of monomers with a gauche conformation, the global minimum being that in which the three monomers have a trans conformation. As for water and methanol trimers, the three HBs in the cyclic ethanol trimer are not strictly equivalent. Consistently, the redshiftings of the OH stretching frequencies are different. Cooperative effects are sizably large, as reflected in the O⋯O distances, the elongation of the OH donor groups, the charge density at the bond critical points, the frequency shiftings of the OH stretches, and the additivity interaction energy. The most significant features of the vibrational spectra of the monomers, the dimers, and the trimers in the 800–1200 cm−1 region are reasonably well reproduced by our calculations.