Abstract
In an exciting experiment by MIT's group (Andrews et al 1997 Science 275 637), clear interference fringes were observed for two initially independent Bose condensates in dilute gas. Presently, there are two different theories (measurement-induced interference theory and interaction-induced interference theory) which can both explain MIT's experimental results. Based on our interaction-induced interference theory, we consider the evolution of the density–density correlation after the release of a double-well potential trapping two independent Bose condensates. Based on the interaction-induced interference theory, we find that the interference fringes in the density–density correlation exhibit a behavior of emergence and disappearance over time. We find key differences between the density–density correlation based on interaction-induced interference theory and measurement-induced interference theory, and thus we suggest using density–density correlation experimentally to reveal further the interference mechanism for two initially independent Bose condensates.
Highlights
The interference between two initially spatially-separated Bose-Einstein condensates (BECs) is a fundamental physical problem [1]
The theoretical and experimental researches in the last ten years show that the physical mechanism of the interference phenomena between two initially independent Bose condensates is a quite nontrivial problem
We notice that there is an essential difference in the density-density correlation between interaction-induced interference theory and measurement-induced interference theory, and we suggest the experimental studies of the density-density correlation to test further the interference mechanism of two initially independent Bose condensates
Summary
The interference between two initially spatially-separated Bose-Einstein condensates (BECs) is a fundamental physical problem [1]. Based on the interaction-induced interference theory, we calculate the evolution of the density-density correlation after releasing a double-well potential trapping two independent condensates. The experimental observation of the interference patterns means that a coherence between two initially independent condensates must be established by a physical mechanism.
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