Abstract

The surface tension and density of the ternary Bi–Cu–Sn alloys have been measured by the sessile-drop method. Measurements were carried out for three cross sections with the constant bismuth-to-copper ratios of 2:1, 1:1, and 1:2. The density of all the investigated alloys decreases with rising temperature. A decrease of the surface tension is also observed when the temperature increases, except at two compositions on the copper-rich side. An increase of copper content could slightly decrease the density in the Bi–Cu–Sn system and significantly increase the surface tension as well. Experimental values of the surface tension were also compared with those calculated from Butler’s equation.

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