Abstract
The density ρ, viscosity η, refractive index n and dielectric constant es of binary mixture of Allyl Chloride (AC) with n-Butanol including those of the pure liquids, were measured over the complete composition range at 298K. The experimental data is used to calculate excess molar volumes (v E ), excess permittivity (es E ), excess viscosity (η E ), excess refractive index, molar refraction, excess molar polarization and Dunstan’s constant. The variations of these parameters with composition and the effect of bonding in the binary mixture are discussed from the point of view of intermolecular interactions in these mixtures. The positive value of excess molar volume (v E ) is attributed to the breaking of H-bonded associated species formed between unlike molecule at 298K.
Highlights
In Allyl Chloride (AC) (CH2=CHCH2Cl) molecules strong dipole - dipole interaction exists
Allyl chloride is a common alkylating agent, useful in the manufacture of pharmaceuticals and pesticides. n-Butanol is used in the manufacture of pharmaceuticals. n-Butanol is used as an extractant in the manufacture of antibiotics, hormones, and vitamins (Mellan, I., 1950; Doolittle, 1954); industrial uses of n-Butanol are as polymers, pyroxylin plastics, herbicide esters; n-Butanol is used as an ingredient in perfumes and as solvents for the extraction of essential oils (Doolittle, 1954), a solvent for paints, coatings, natural resins, gums, synthetic resins, dyes, alkaloids, and camphor
The values of refractive index and density are increasing with increase in mole fraction of allyl chloride
Summary
Viscosities were measured using Brookfield Viscometer with an accuracy of ± 1% for small sample size of 1 ml. Refractive indices (at Sodium D line) were measured by using Abbe Refractometer thermostated with constant water bath with precision of ± 0.001 and the values presented here are the mean values from five independent readings for each sample. Density is measured using specific gravity bottle having an internal volume 3 ml and was calibrated with distilled water at 298K. Three specific gravity bottles were immersed in a thermostatic bath which was controlled at 298 K. A precision digital thermometer with a thermister probe was used to read the temperature with an accuracy of ±0.10 K. The mixture densities were obtained by averaging the results from these three specific gravity bottles. Dielectric constant is measured by using self developed setup in our laboratory
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