Densities, viscosities, and excess properties of binary mixtures of two imidazolide anion functionalized ionic liquids with water at T = (293.15 to 313.15) K

Abstract

Densities and viscosities of binary mixtures of 8-hydrogen-1,8-diazabicyclo[5,4,0]-undec-7-enium imidazolide ([HDBU]IM) and 8-butyl-1,8-diazabicyclo[5,4,0]-undec-7-enium imidazolide ([BDBU]IM) ionic liquids (ILs) with water were measured at temperatures from T=(293.15 to 313.15)K. Excess molar volumes VE and viscosity deviations Δη of the mixtures were calculated to study the intermolecular interactions and structural factors between ILs and water. The results show that the VE values of the two mixtures are negative over the whole composition range, while the Δη values have positive deviations, indicating that the hydrogen bonding interactions between IL and water are dominant in the mixtures. Moreover, the absolute values of VE (|VE|) of {[HDBU]IM (1)+H2O (2)} system are larger than those of {[BDBU]IM (1)+H2O (2)} system at the same condition, indicating that the hydrogen bonding interactions between [HDBU]IM and water are stronger than those between [BDBU]IM and water. Both |VE| and Δη values of the mixtures decrease with the increasing temperature, resulting from the decreasing the hydrogen bonding interactions between IL and water. Other derived properties of the studied systems, such as the apparent molar volumes, partial molar volumes, excess partial molar volumes, Gibbs free energy of activation for viscous flow, and excess Gibbs free energy of activation for viscous flow were also calculated from the experimental values.