Abstract
Densification behavior, mechanical and thermal properties of ZrC1−x ceramics with various C/Zr ratios of 0.6–1.0 have been investigated by two-step reactive hot pressing of ZrC and ZrH2 powders at 30MPa and 1500–2100°C. The two-step reactive hot pressed ZrC1−x ceramic has a higher relative density (>95.3%) than that (91.9%) of stoichiometric ZrC sintered at 2100°C. A cubic Zr2C-type ordered phase forms in the ZrC1−x sample obtained at a ZrC/ZrH2 molar ratio of 0.6 at a relatively low temperature of 1100°C. The decrease in C/Zr ratio is beneficial to densification of ZrC1−x ceramic, however, excess grain growth occurs after sintering above densification temperature. The elastic modulus and Vickers hardness decrease with decreasing the C/Zr ratio. With decreasing the C/Zr ratio, both thermal conductivity and specific heat decrease due to the enhanced scattering of conducting phonons and electrons by carbon vacancies.
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