Densidade de incidência de pneumonia associada à ventilação mecânica em dois hospitais

Abstract

Ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) is the main nosocomial infection in patients admitted to the intensive care unit. A strategy to avoid VAP are preventive measures (bundles), which are performed by intensive care professionals. One of the recommendations of the bundles is the oral hygiene protocol for the intubated patient, performed by the nursing technician, which can minimize the incidence of VAP in the ICUs, but which could be better performed by the insertion of the dental surgeon (CD) in the team. The aim of the study was to compare the density of the incidence of VAP (AVIP) in the Intensive Care Units (ICUs) of two private hospitals, named A and B. In hospital A, patients were not followed up by a CD (group 1). In hospital B, there were two collections, one related to patients without DH follow-up (group 2), and another collection of patients who received dental care from a DH (group 3). The incidence densities in groups 1, 2 and 3 were respectively 13.76; 11.96 and 3.63. Although there was no statistical difference between the three groups (p = 0.33), group 3 of patients in hospital B had a considerably lower incidence. The present study concludes by pointing to the importance of including the dentist within the medical-hospital care team for patients using mechanical ventilation, as it contributes to infection control and prevention of searchable diseases that can have consequences on general health.