Abstract
Isospin asymmetry is the well-known property of dense quark matter, which exists in the compact stars and is produced in heavy ion collisions. On the other hand, the chiral imbalance between left- and right- handed quarks is another highly anticipated phenomenon that could occur in the dense quark matter. To investigate quark matter under these conditions, we take into account baryon –μB, isospin –μIand chiral isospin –μI5chemical potentials and study QCD phase portrait using NJL4model generalized to two massive quarks that could condense into the pion condensation. We have shown that the chiral isospin chemical potentialμI5generates pion condensation in isospin asymmetric quark matter. Also, we have investigated discrete symmetry (duality) between chiral and pion condensates in the case of massless quarks, which stay relatively instructive even if the quarks have bare mass. To describe hot dense quark matter, in addition to the above-mentioned chemical potentials, we introduce non-zero temperatures into consideration.
Highlights
The fundamental theory of the dense quark matter is quantum chromodynamics (QCD) which is a gauge field theory associated with S U(3) group, where gauge bosons play the role of interaction carriers and the spinor representation of the group is associated with quarks
In this work the influence of isotopic and chiral imbalance on phase structure of hot/cold dense quark matter at the physical point (m0 0) has been investigated in the framework of the (3+1)-dimensional NJL model with two quark flavors in the large-Nc limit (Nc is the number of colors)
Our special interest was devoted to the charged pion condensation phenomenon and it’s existence in the physically adequate circumstances
Summary
The fundamental theory of the dense quark matter is quantum chromodynamics (QCD) which is a gauge field theory associated with S U(3) group, where gauge bosons (gluons) play the role of interaction carriers and the spinor representation of the group is associated with quarks. The situation becomes even more difficult for the quark matter with non-zero baryon chemical potential (i.e. dense quark matter) In these cases, non-perturbative methods, such as effective theories or lattice calculations are usually used. The so-called sign problem still presents insurmountable difficulties for lattice calculations in the non-zero density region At this moment, effective models are the best tool for investigating dense quark matter. In the present work we investigate the phase portrait and pion condensation phenomenon of the isotopic and chiral isotopic imbalanced dense quark matter (μB 0; μI 0; μI5 0) with non-zero bare quark mass and temperature using NJL-like model, i.e. we generalize the work [21] to the case of the non-zero bare quark mass and finite temperature
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