Dense lamellar scaffold, biomimetically inspired, for reverse cardiac remodeling: Effect of proanthocyanidins and glutaraldehyde

Abstract

Regenerative medicine is an emerging field that aims in healing damaged tissue. The choice of the crosslinking agent is one of the most critical requirements for the development of three-dimensional scaffold devices. This study aimed to investigate the effects of proanthocyanidins (PA) and glutaraldehyde (GA) associated with plastic compression method on the properties of the dense lamellar. The physiomechanical and physical–chemical properties of the scaffolds were evaluated. The antioxidant activity was investigated by 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl method; viability and proliferation cellular were evaluated by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazolyl-2)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide and imaging cytometer (H9c2 cells). The effect of the crosslinking agents modified the physiomechanical properties but did not modify the mucoadhesion properties. Proanthocyanidin-scaffold has the ability to bind water’s molecule and to reduce the space between polymeric chains. Proanthocyanidin-scaffold and GA scaffold showed, respectively, 44 and 17% of antioxidant activity. Both crosslinking agents did not influence the viability and proliferation of H9c2 cells. Considering the anisotropic structure, and the physiomechanical properties, cellular compatibility, and protective action against reactive oxygen species, this study may provide a way to improve the inverse modulation of heart tissue, after infarct acute of the myocardium.