Abstract
Florida (USA), particularly the southern portion of the State, is in a precarious situation concerning arboviral diseases. The geographic location, climate, lifestyle, and the volume of travel and commerce are all conducive to arbovirus transmission. During the last decades, imported dengue cases have been regularly recorded in Florida, and the recent re-emergence of dengue as a major public health concern in the Americas has been accompanied by a steady increase in the number of imported cases. In 2009, there were 28 cases of locally transmitted dengue in Key West, and in 2010, 65 cases were reported. Local transmission was also reported in Martin County in 2013 (29 cases), and isolated locally transmitted cases were also reported from other counties in the last five years. Dengue control and prevention in the future will require close cooperation between mosquito control and public health agencies, citizens, community and government agencies, and medical professionals to reduce populations of the vectors and to condition citizens and visitors to take personal protection measures that minimize bites by infected mosquitoes.
Highlights
Dengue is a viral disease transmitted by mosquitoes that has caused serious public health problems in large parts of the world, in urban and suburban areas of tropical and subtropical regions.Dengue is the most important arboviral disease on the planet, with an estimated 390 million infections yearly [1], more than 250000–500000 cases of the potentially fatal dengue hemorrhagic fever, and 25000 deaths per year [2]
Even though dengue was historically considered mainly a zoonotic disease transmitted by forest mosquitoes to Old World primates [8], the disease has recently emerged as an urban malady maintained in most endemic areas by contact between mosquitoes, Aedes aegypti (L.) and Aedes albopictus (Skuse), and human hosts
Outbreaks were reported from Hillsborough and Monroe counties in 1907, and in 1921–1922, the widespread dengue outbreak that affected Texas, Louisiana, Georgia, and Florida resulted in almost 83,000 cases and 69 deaths [22]
Summary
Dengue is a viral disease transmitted by mosquitoes that has caused serious public health problems in large parts of the world, in urban and suburban areas of tropical and subtropical regions. Even though dengue was historically considered mainly a zoonotic disease transmitted by forest mosquitoes to Old World primates [8], the disease has recently emerged as an urban malady maintained in most endemic areas by contact between mosquitoes, Aedes aegypti (L.) and Aedes albopictus (Skuse), and human hosts. These mosquitoes occur in containers capable of holding water, both natural (tree holes, phytotelmata), and man-made (discarded tires, planters, buckets, etc.). There were 25 cases in Brownsville, Texas, in 2005, 90 cases in Key West between 2009 and 2010, and 23 cases in Martin County, Florida in 2013 [8,9,20,21]
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