Dendrobium officinale Orchid Extract Prevents Ovariectomy-Induced Osteoporosis in Vivo and Inhibits RANKL-Induced Osteoclast Differentiation in Vitro.

Qi Wang,Jun Sheng,Cheng-Ting Zi,Yu-Na Wang,Xue-Qi Fu,Jing Wang,Xuan-Jun Wang,Ye-Wei Huang

doi:10.3389/fphar.2017.00966

Abstract

Background: Dendrobium officinale, a traditional Chinese medical herb with high value that is widely used in Asia, possesses many positive effects on human health, including anti-chronic inflammation, anti-obesity, and immune modulation properties; however, whether D. officinale has inhibitory effects on postmenopausal osteoporosis remains unknown.Objective: We investigated the effects of D. officinale extract (DOE) on ovariectomy-induced bone loss in vivo and on osteoclastogenesis in vitro.Methods: In vivo, female rats were divided into a sham-operated (sham) group and five ovariectomized (OVX) subgroups: OVX with vehicle (OVX), OVX with Xian-Ling-Gu-Bao capsule (240 mg/kg body weight/day), and OVX with low-, medium-, and high-dose DOE (150, 300, and 600 mg/kg body weight/day, respectively). Animals in each group were administered their corresponding treatments for 13 weeks. Body weight, serum biochemical parameters, uterine and femoral physical parameters, bone mineral density (BMD), bone biomechanical properties, and bone microarchitecture were obtained. In vitro, the effects of DOE on osteoclastogenesis were examined using RAW264.7 cells. The effects of DOE on osteoclastogenesis and the expression of osteoclast-specific marker genes and proteins were determined.Results: DOE effectively ameliorated serum biochemical parameters, especially alleviated estradiol (E2) deficiency and maintained calcium and phosphorus homeostasis. DOE improved uterine and femoral physical parameters. In addition, DOE improved femoral BMD and biomechanical properties. DOE significantly ameliorated bone microarchitecture. Moreover, DOE inhibited osteoclastogenesis independent of its cytoxicity and suppressed the expression of osteoclast-specific marker genes and proteins.Conclusion: DOE can effectively prevent ovariectomy-induced bone loss in vivo and inhibit osteoclastogenesis in vitro.

Highlights

Bone is dynamically molded, shaped, and repaired throughout life via coordination between bone-forming osteoblasts and bone-resorping osteoclasts (Boyle et al, 2003; Xu et al, 2017)
We investigated the effects of D. officinale extract (DOE) on ovariectomyinduced bone loss in vivo and on osteoclastogenesis in vitro
As no significant differences were found in high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C), lowdensity lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C), and glucose concentrations in each group (Figures 2C–E) these results suggest that DOE treatment improved the lipid and glucose metabolisms in OVX rats to a certain degree

Summary

Introduction

Bone is dynamically molded, shaped, and repaired throughout life via coordination between bone-forming osteoblasts and bone-resorping osteoclasts (Boyle et al, 2003; Xu et al, 2017). Imbalances in bone remodeling can result in various osteopathic diseases, especially osteoporosis which is caused by excess osteoclast activity and includes rheumatoid arthritis, periodontal disease, multiple myelomas, and metastatic cancers, as well as osteoporosis (Boyle et al, 2003; Wang C. et al, 2017) This disease is a common, chronic metabolic condition associated with decreased bone mass and microarchitectural deterioration; these changes lead to increased bone fragility that predisposes affected individuals to an increased risk of fractures, postmenopausal women (Yin et al, 2004; Baek et al, 2016; Curtis et al, 2016; Liu et al, 2016). Dendrobium officinale, a traditional Chinese medical herb with high value that is widely used in Asia, possesses many positive effects on human health, including anti-chronic inflammation, anti-obesity, and immune modulation properties; whether D. officinale has inhibitory effects on postmenopausal osteoporosis remains unknown

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Conclusion