Abstract
Abstract The role of thymic DCs in facilitating donor engraftment after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) has not been investigated. Here we show addition of ex-vivo generated DCs accelerates thymic engraftment as well as enhances T cell recovery after HSCT. We also show the ability of regulatory T cells (Tregs) to facilitate engraftment. Control group received 103 lin-sca-1+c-kit+ (LSK) HSC progenitors while DC and Treg groups received LSK cells along with ex-vivo generated DCs or ex vivo expanded Tregs. On day of HSCT, C57BL/6 recipients received lethal irradiation with 1000 cGy. Day 4 & 7 post HSCT, thymuses of the DC and T reg groups contained 1.5 and 2 fold, respectively, higher number of thymocytes compared to control group. Furthermore, at 4 and 7 days after HSCT, H&E slides of thymuses of showed increased cellularity with medullary lymphoid regeneration in the cohort receiving Tregs. We demonstrate that ex-vivo generated DCs efficiently migrate and home to the thymic medulla and hasten thymic recovery as demonstrated by the higher number of total thymoctyes. The addition of Tregs facilitates engraftment as demonstrated by total number of thymocytes, and lymphoid regeneration in the medullary region of the thymus. Lastly, recipients receiving Tregs were able to facilitate engraftment compared to control group as demonstrated by survival 50% and 0%, respectively (p=0.04).
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