Abstract
Dendrimers are highly branched structures with a defined shape, dimension, and molecular weight. They consist of three major components: the central core, branches, and terminal groups. In recent years, dendrimers have received great attention in medicinal chemistry, diagnostic field, science of materials, electrochemistry, and catalysis. In addition, they are largely applied for the functionalization of biocompatible semiconductors, in gene transfection processes, as well as in the preparation of nano-devices, including heterogeneous catalysts. Here, we describe recent advances in the design and application of dendrimers in catalytic organic and inorganic processes, sustainable and low environmental impact, photosensitive materials, nano-delivery systems, and antiviral agents’ dendrimers.
Highlights
Dendrimers are symmetric and monodisperse macromolecules with a well-defined threedimensional branched shape inspired by that of a tree [1]
Two different synthetic methodologies are commonly used for the preparation of dendrimers: (a) the divergent approach, in which dendrimers grow from the core proceeding radially outward toward the periphery; (b) the convergent one, in which the growth starts from the periphery of the dendrimer toward the inner part
Dendrimers are useful candidates for a large number of applications, including design of sustainable and low environmental impact advanced materials, cataly processes, nano-delivery systems, and applications in the pharmacological fie they were studied for many years, the synthesis of these compounds s requires multi-step chemical reactions, which encompass two main categories: (a)
Summary
Dendrimers are symmetric and monodisperse macromolecules with a well-defined threedimensional branched shape inspired by that of a tree [1] They show three topologically different regions including: (i) the core part; (ii) the branches formed by repetitive monomeric units (dendrons); and (iii) the “periphery” as final appendages of the dendrons [2]. Dendrimers are classified according to the ‘generation’ level, which represents the minimum number of branching nodes from the core to the periphery. These systems are highly ordered three-dimensional structures often characterized by internal cavities in which metal ions and small molecules can be hosted [3,4]
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