Abstract
Optic neuritis is a condition characterized by inflammation of the optic nerve, leading to impaired visual function. While it can have various causes, this review focuses primarily on demyelinating optic neuritis resulting from an autoimmune reaction that damages the myelin sheath. The incidence of optic neuritis is higher among women aged 20-40 years and is closely associated with multiple sclerosis (MS). This review discusses the main diseases causing typical and atypical optic neuritis, along with their diagnosis and treatment. Early diagnosis and appropriate treatment are crucial for improving prognosis, as optic neuritis can lead to irreversible vision loss.
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