Abstract
We implement an entanglement distribution network based on wavelength-multiplexing and optical switching for quantum communication applications. Using a high-brightness source based on spontaneous parametric down-conversion in periodically-poled lithium niobate waveguides, we generate polarisation entangled photon pairs with a broad spectrum covering the telecom wavelengths around 1550 nm. The photon pairs have entanglement fidelities up to 99%, and are distributed via passive wavelength multiplexing in a static multi-user network. We furthermore demonstrate a possible network application in a scenario with a single centralised source dynamically allocating two-party entanglement to any pair of users by means of optical switches. The whole system, from the pump laser up to the receivers, is fibre and waveguide based, resulting in maximal stability, minimal losses and the advantage of readily integrable telecom components in the 1550 nm range.
Highlights
Quantum entanglement is an essential resource for many quantum information experiments, such as quantum teleportation, entanglement swapping and tests of Bell inequalities [1]
We report on the development of an Entangled photon sources (EPS) at 1550 nm based on spontaneous parametric down-conversion (SPDC) in lithium-niobate (LiNbO3) waveguides
For channel 31, the adddrop filter (ADF) and Dense Wavelength Division Multiplexing (DWDM)-Demux had a combined transmission of 60%
Summary
Quantum entanglement is an essential resource for many quantum information experiments, such as quantum teleportation, entanglement swapping and tests of Bell inequalities [1]. Entangled photon pairs have been directly generated in dispersion shifted fibres via four-wave mixing techniques (χ3) [15] Such designs offer the advantage of an all-fibre based compact. Recent developments include the generation of entangled photon pairs in a twin-hole step-index fibre via χ2 nonlinearities [19] This seems a promising way for the future, conversion efficiencies of χ2-fibres are currently still much lower than in χ2-crystals with waveguides which are the best candidates for practical realisations. We report on the development of an EPS at 1550 nm based on SPDC in lithium-niobate (LiNbO3) waveguides This approach combines robustness (waveguides and fibre pigtailing) with a clean χ2 process (low background) and results in a reliable high-brightness source tailored for quantum communication protocols.
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