Demographic,Histopathological Patterns and Clinical profile of Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma (OSCC) at a tertiary level referral Hospital in Vidarbha ( Central India) : A 7-year Retrospective Study

Abstract

Oral cancers are one of the leading cancers in the world.However ,in India,it is one of the most common cancer and a major public health problem.The purpose of this study was to evaluate retrospectively the demographics,histopathological and clinical profile of patients with oral cancer reported at a tertiary level referral hospital in Central India.A total of 908 biopsy proven OSCC cases were retrospectively analyzed and data was collected for a period of 7 years from January 2007 to December 2013 with reference to age,sex,site involved,habits,TNM staging and final diagnosis based on histopathological findings and the results were formulated to chart the trends in central India population.Male to female ratio was 2.54 : 1. Most of the patients of OSCC were in the age group of 51-60 years ( 28.52%) .The most common site of presentation of primary tumor was mandibular alveolus region.Tobacco chewing along with smoking was the major cause for the development of OSCC(25.66%).Majority of the patients were presented in Stage IV (45.94%) and histopathologically well differentiated squamous cell carcinoma(54.95%) was the most common presentation.This study showed that OSCC is wide spread in the patients of this region and most of the cases report at advanced stages of the disease due to lack of awareness among the common masses.To decrease the morbidity and mortality associated with OSCC ,early detection of localized lesions combined with appropriate treatment is required.