Demographic profile, management, and survival of primary Gastrointestinal Kaposi Sarcoma: A USA Nationwide SEER-based study

Abstract

Kaposi Sarcoma (KS) is a Human Herpes Virus-8 (HHV-8) associated angio-proliferative disorder commonly seen in patients with HIV. It most commonly involves the skin as classic purple lesions but occasionally involves the gastrointestinal (GI) tract. To date, published data is scarce on primary GI KS. Using a national database, this study analyzes the incidence, demographics, and survival of primary GI KS. We conducted a retrospective analysis (1975–2019) on biopsy-proven primary GI KS cases from 17 registries from the National Cancer Institute’s Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database. A total of 685 patients with GI KS were identified. Female gender, Non-Hispanic Asian or Pacific Islander (NHAPI), married marital status, and large bowel site-specific primary KS to have better overall survival. Luminal gastrointestinal KS was more frequent (84.96%) than solid organ involvement (3.07% of all cases). This study is the most extensive population-based study about the epidemiological and survival data of patients with primary GI KS, revealing GI KS to be a young male disease with best outcomes in the large bowel and anal canal KS while inferior outcomes in extraintestinal GI KS.