Demographic Patterns and Clinicopathological Analysis of Sarcomatoid Renal Cell Carcinoma in US Population

Abstract

BackgroundSarcomatoid renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is defined by the presence of any amount of sarcomatoid components admixed with other RCC histologic subtypes. Our investigation utilizes a large, diverse set of sarcomatoid RCC patients to summarize clinical, demographic, and pathological factors along with demographic disparities that may affect the prognosis and survival of sarcomatoid RCC patients. MethodsThe Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database was employed to compile data from 2000 to 2018 from 2695 patients diagnosed with sarcomatoid RCC. ResultsThe mean age for sarcomatoid RCC diagnosis is 62.8 years. Males (68.2%) and White patients (82.6%) were more likely to be diagnosed with sarcomatoid RCC. Among the 64.4% of tumors with known size, 35.4% were less than 7 cm, 27.6% were 7.1 to 10 cm, and 36.4% were larger than 10 cm. Among the 95.8% of patients with known stage, 15.3% were localized, 28.9% were regionalized, and 55.8% were found in distant sites. Among the 44.2% of cases with known metastases site, lung was found to be the most common metastatic site.. Surgery was the most common treatment (70.9%). While the overall 5-year survival was 18.1%, it was 27.1% among patients who underwent surgery. Independent risk factors for mortality include age > 60 years, distant stage, and tumor size > 10 cm, per our multivariate analysis. ConclusionSarcomatoid RCC most commonly affects White males in their seventh decade. Increased age, distant stage, and size > 10 cm tumor size have associations with unfavorable prognosis. Surgery is associated with better survival outcomes in localized disease and multimodal therapy (surgery with adjuvant chemoradiation was associated with better survival.)