Demographic features of homicide and suicide victims in Trinidad and Tobago 2013-2016

Abstract

Objectives: Violence and self-injury have emerged as major social, public and mental health concerns. Health and social services are challenged by the increased use and demand for resources. This study sought to determine the factors attributable to these problem behaviours in Trinidad and Tobago, in order that adaptive strategies can be developed to address these problems. Methods: After obtaining relevant approvals, data were collected retrospectively on homicide and suicide victims from 2013 through 2016 from the Registrar General’s Department and the Forensic Science Centre. Data were analysed to determine the demographic characteristics and other factors associated with suicides and homicides. Results: Male gender was significantly predominant for both suicides and homicides; males in middle adulthood age-range (34-42) years were at the highest risk. Both behaviours increased in prevalence over the study period, although homicide showed a much more marked increase. The mean age for homicide was 34 years, while for suicide it was 41 years. A greater and significant number of individuals of African descent were involved in homicide and a greater number of East Indians were dying by suicide. The ratio is approximately 3:1 for both causes of death. Conclusions: Suicide and homicides have increased over a period of four years in Trinidad & Tobago. There is a need for the establishment of a registry in order to record the occurrences of self-harm and externally directed violence accurately and comprehensively. A better understanding of these behaviours can result in better prevention and intervention methods.