Abstract
Aim:Human cystic echinococcosis (CE), caused by the larval stage of Echinococcus granulosus cestodes, is a globally distributed chronic disease that is an important socioeconomic and public health problem in humans and livestock in developing countries, including Iran. The aim of this study was to determine the overall seroprevalence of hydatid infection in the general population of Iran.Materials and Methods:This systematic review began by searching electronic databases in English (PubMed, Science Direct, Scopus, and Google Scholar) and Persian (Magiran, Scientific Information Database, Iran Medex, and Iran Doc).Results:Our search resulted in a total of 40 reports published from 1995 to 2015. Of 49,460 individuals surveyed, 3090 cases of hydatidosis were reported. Community-based studies showed that the seroprevalence of CE in the Iranian general population was 6.0% (95% confidence interval: 5.0-7.0%). The age group with the highest CE seroprevalence was 20-40 years, and the lowest one was in the under 20 year’s group. The seroprevalence of hydatidosis in males was significantly higher than that in females. In addition, the intended rate was significantly higher in rural regions than in urban areas.Conclusion:Management program for developing more efficient diagnostic tests should be established. Further, cost-effective preventive approaches, including relevant research, should be considered. Finally, hydatid cyst control programs that are important for interrupting the transmission of human CE should be improved.
Highlights
Cystic echinococcosis (CE) or hydatidosis is a chronic disease caused by the larval stage of the Echinococcus granulosus parasite, a globally important helminth [1,2,3]
Hydatid cyst control programs that are important for interrupting the transmission of human CE should be improved
CE was included in the World Health Organization (WHO) initiative to assess the global burden of foodborne diseases [7]
Summary
Cystic echinococcosis (CE) or hydatidosis is a chronic disease caused by the larval stage of the Echinococcus granulosus parasite, a globally important helminth [1,2,3]. CE is recognized as an emerging or re-emerging disease, with a geographic distribution that is greater than previously recognized [3,4,5,6]. Humans acquire this infection by accidental ingestion of E. granulosus eggs with food, water, or contaminated soil. CE was included in the World Health Organization (WHO) initiative to assess the global burden of foodborne diseases [7]. The natural history of CE in humans usually includes several
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