Abstract
The purpose of the present study is to examine the major factors related to the participation of women in the economic activities of Bangladesh, using the data of the nationally representative provided by the Bangladesh Demographic and Health Survey (BDHS) 2017/18. The survey interviewed a total of 20127 women aged 15-49 on social, economic, and demographic factors. The study used women's occupations as the dependent variable to understand the patterns and dynamics of women's participation in economic activities in Bangladesh. The result shows that 49.6% of women didn’t associate with any work, 7.9% of women worked as a professional, technical or managerial specialist, and 42.5% of women worked as non-professional, such as: in agriculture, and domestic-related work. Two policy implications emerged from the study: 1) The economic activity of women in Bangladesh is still low, most of them earn their livelihood utilizing non-professional works; 2) Women who are relatively from poorer families, not very well educated, located in the rural area are largely seen in economic activities in Bangladesh. Finally, the study indicates an idea about important determinants of women's employment, as poor women with little formal education remain economically active. The study recommends that women must be provided with new skills and knowledge to expand their ability and the education of women must be given the highest priority, which is the fundamental problem.
Highlights
Empowerment is an active multi-dimensional process that enables women to fully realize their identity and strength in all walks of life
The 2017-18 Bangladesh Demographic and Health Survey (BDHS) is the eighth this type of survey conducted in Bangladesh
This study focused on identifying the factors that have a significant impact on women's occupations in Bangladesh
Summary
Empowerment is an active multi-dimensional process that enables women to fully realize their identity and strength in all walks of life. Power is not a commodity to be transacted nor can it be given away. Power has to be acquired and once acquired it needs to be exercised, sustained, and preserved (Islam, 2014)). Half of the world's population is women, if only half of the world's population eliminates social, familial, economic discrimination, just being a woman can increase the risk of beatings, attacks, and other problems. Women's empowerment and rights have been documented in many ways, but discrimination and gender inequality continue around the world (Menon, 2015). It has a very serious dependence on geological status, social status, educational status, and age. Many women live in fear of violence. There is a big difference between the actual scenario at the policy level and the policy-making against violence
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