Abstract
Nepal is one of the least developed countries of the world. For long an absolute monarchy, during 1990 widespread civil protest led by a Movement for the Restoration of Democracy led to the introduction of constitutional monarchy and a parliamentary system of government. Counter to international trends, this democratisation process was accompanied by the rapid growth of communism as an electoral force, reaching 38% of the national vote during the general election of May 1991. This article traces the origins and growth of communism in Nepal and singles out the strength of Maoism for special attention. In particular, it highlights the Mas(h)al party and its fraternal links with the Partido Comunista Peruano - Sendero Luminoso (known as Shining Path) through the Revolutionary International Movement. The article compares the conditions for revolutionary Maoism in Peru and Nepal and concludes by evaluating the future prospects of Maoism in Nepal.
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