Democracy and elections in Africa

Abstract

List of Tables and Figures Preface 1. Introduction The Role of Elections Why Africa? On Regimes On Elections and Democracy Preindependence and Postindependence Elections in African Nations Contemporary Africa's Track Record Outline of the Book 2. On Democracy and Elections Making a Conceptual Choice Defining Democracy Operationalizing Democratic Qualities of Elections Data Collection and Processing 3. Elections in Africa over Time Frequency and Number of Elections The Democratic Qualities, on Average Democratic Qualities of Elections over Time Conclusions 4. The Self-Reinforcing Power of Elections Going from Bad to Worse First, Second, Third, Fourth, and Later Elections A Panel-Group Comparison Conclusions 5. The Causal Effects of Elections Democratic Qualities in Society A Missing Factor of Democratization Hypotheses and Causal Links 6. Democratization by Elections? Elections Are Associated with Civil Liberties Analyzing by Countries Conclusions 7. Comparative Perspectives and Reflections The Transition Paradigm Corruption and Democratization Stateness and Social Citizenship Lessons on Consolidation Policy Implications The Power of Elections in Unfavorable Conditions Appendix 1: Overview of Elections in Africa, by Year Appendix 2: Changes in Civil Liberties Rankings Appendix 3: About the Freedom House Civil Liberties Index Appendix 4: A Data Set on Elections in Africa Notes References Index