Abstract
Liquid-liquid phase separation drives a range of biophysical processes in many locations throughout cells, from the interior of nuclei to outer membranes. It is known that phase separation in a cell's interior creates 3D liquid droplets composed of proteins, which are sensitive to the system's physiochemical conditions. In membranes, such as those of giant plasma membrane vesicles (GPMVs) and living vacuole membranes, phase separation is two dimensional. The composition of lipids and cholesterol in the membrane determines the temperature (Tmix) at which the system transitions from a mixed to phase separated system. When 3D droplets and membranes physically touch, actin-independent endocytosis can occur. Together, these observations lead to the question: How does demixing in the solution affect demixing in the membrane? We investigate this question using giant unilamellar vesicles (GUVs) and an aqueous two-phase system of polyethylene glycol and dextran.
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